Agronomic performance in vegetative stage of hartón vitroplants (Musa AAB, Simmonds)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22579/22484817.700Keywords:
micropopagation, colino, nursery, sowing, cultivationAbstract
In order to study the agronomic behavior in the vegetative phase of vitroplants of hartón banana for the conditions of the municipality of Granada, in the department of Meta, the evaluation of variables was performed: height, diameter of the pseudostem, number of leaves, leaf emission rate and duration of the vegetative cycle; in two experiments that included both the nursery phase (acclimation) and the field (final site). The comparison was made with plants from corm and the stability of the materials was evaluated, the percentage of plants with morphological somaclonal variations and incidence of Ralstonia solanacearum. For the first experiment a complete random block design was established, with a total of three (3) treatments, three (3) replicates and six (6) subsamples; the experimental unit corresponded to 30 plants, for a total of 270 plants. The treatments consisted of soil with burned husk of rice more organic fertilizer with 10.9% of calcium (Ca) (T1), 16.9% of Ca (T2) and 22% of Ca (T3), with a 2:2:1 (V/V) ratio of soil, husk and commercial organic matter, respectively. In the second experiment, we worked under the same design, but with four (4) treatments, four (4) replicates and six (6) subsamples. The experimental unit worked was 20 plants established in the field at distances of 2x2 m, for a density of 2500 plants/ha. The treatments 1, 2 and 3 of the second experiment corresponded to the same ones of the experiment described above, and were compared with a control treatment (T4), that is to say, commercial colines. The analysis of variance and the comparison tests of means indicated that there was no difference (P>0.05) in height, diameter of pseudostem and number of leaves emitted between the treatments during the nursery phase; on field, plants from in vitro culture showed higher growth in height and diameter of the pseudostem (P<0.05), than plants from corm. The duration of the vegetative cycle was greater (P<0.05) for the material from micropropagation in approximately 5 weeks, which presented a 2% of somaclonal variations, a reversion to the dominican clone of 10.8% and an incidence of Ralstonia solanacearum of 0.83%.
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